This study shows that Moroccan natural clays can efficiently remove dyes from aqueous solutions. The adsorption was dependent on the pH of the aqueous solution, with a high uptake of cationic dyes at high pH, and high uptake of anionic dye at low pH. The adsorption was rapid and could be considered to fit pseudo-second order kinetics model in the case of methylene blue and malachite green. The equilibrium uptake was increased with increasing the initial concentration of dye in solution. The adsorption isotherm could be well fitted by Langmuir equation in the case of cationic dyes and Dubinin–Radushkevich equation in the case of anionic dye. The adsorption capacity of cationic dyes was found to be higher than anionic dye. The rise in temperature increases the adsorbed amount of malachite green and decreases the adsorbed amount of methyl orange and methylene blue dyes. The adsorption of cationic dyes is more correlated to cationic exchange capacity and BET surface area then that of anionic dye. The adsorption of anionic dye was more influenced by the change in solution temperature. These results suggest that the adsorption of cationic dyes by the clays could be chemisorption. However, a physisorption is proposed for the adsorption of anionic. Finally, the use of Moroccan natural clays shows a greater potential for the removal of textile dyes, as no costly equipment is required.