The discovery has one immediate application: identifying children with a high risk of asthma in their first 100 days of life, says pediatrician Stuart Turvey of UBC Vancouver, a co-author on the paper. “Those children could be followed or treated more quickly if they end up with asthma,” he adds. But it also suggests that providing this group with the unique mixture of four bacteria—a combination not found in current commercial probiotics—could prevent the onset of asthma.