Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) can
exist in three forms; aqueous carbon dioxide (CO2(aq)), bicarbonate
(HCO3 - ) and carbonate (CO3
2-). This increase in DIC leads to a subsequent
reduction in carbonate ions (CO3
2-) and the calcite (Ωcal) and aragonite
(Ωarg) saturation states of the water (Fabry et al., 2008)