The control group was
not involved in the massage, and other intervention
procedures were the same as in the clinical group. All
patients were in a relatively quiet, interference-free
environment during nursing intervention. The massage
time was 20 min before surgery, and the main massaged
body parts were the head, neck, shoulder, and back
The control group wasnot involved in the massage, and other interventionprocedures were the same as in the clinical group. Allpatients were in a relatively quiet, interference-freeenvironment during nursing intervention. The massagetime was 20 min before surgery, and the main massagedbody parts were the head, neck, shoulder, and back
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