2650 cm1 correspond to stearate molecules, with a very slight
deviation from the original stearate peaks. The original stearate
peaks are normally located at 2913, 1585, 1423, 1063 and
2646 cm1 [Fig. 2(b)] [31]. From this, it is confirmed that the
stearate molecules are bound to cotton fabrics, causing surface
energy reduction.