We can now show that the APR gives efficient results under two condi-
5In general, P should represent the value of the firm, given its best investment opportunities
under continuance. However, some investment opportunities, such as closing down the firm, are
only possible under bankruptcy if the "investment" generates returns insufficient to pay all claims
in full.
WHITE / 555
tions: (1) bondholders are fully paid off both under liquidation and continuance
and (2) the bond interest rate equals the current discount rate. If these
conditions hold, then