A study on the interaction between filamentous epibiotic bacteria and Tigriopus brevicornis showed that epibiontsaffect copepods’ swimming rate, and showed that A. hudsonica infested with peritrich ciliates had a significantly slower sinking rate than uninfested copepods. Moreover, studies have revealed indirect effectsof epibionts on the host, such as an increased visibility for predators. In general, however,effects of epibionts on copepods have been investigated by comparing wild-caught infested copepods with uninfested ones and suchstudies are likely to be biased because infested copepods are likelyto be older, and thereby probably less vital, than the uninfested.