Whether it is justified for pragmatic reasons, eg, the provision of an essential service, or for broader collectivist goals, such as ECONOMIC NATIONALISM, nationalization infringes on the liberal tenets of the security of property and reliance on the market. The state uses or threatens to use its power to obtain property either by expropriation, with or without compensation, or by acquiring property in a sale by using pressure and excluding other purchasers. Although compensation may be prompt and fair, the threat of coercion may reduce the value of property, and the state always claims to be the final arbiter.