Supplementation of microminerals to swine diets in
concentrations at the requirements is crucial for animal
growth, reproduction, and immune system development
and as a defense against oxidative stress and cell damage
(Underwood and Suttle, 1999; NRC, 2012). However,
supplemented levels often exceed requirements, whichresults in elevated excretions of minerals (Carlson et al.,
1999; Hill et al., 2000). Therefore, diets formulated with
concentrations of microminerals that meet, but not exceed,
requirements may result in reduced mineral excretion
from pigs and more economical feeding strategies.
Supplementation of microminerals to swine diets inconcentrations at the requirements is crucial for animalgrowth, reproduction, and immune system developmentand as a defense against oxidative stress and cell damage(Underwood and Suttle, 1999; NRC, 2012). However,supplemented levels often exceed requirements, whichresults in elevated excretions of minerals (Carlson et al.,1999; Hill et al., 2000). Therefore, diets formulated withconcentrations of microminerals that meet, but not exceed,requirements may result in reduced mineral excretionfrom pigs and more economical feeding strategies.
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