Highlights
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Water flow rates increased with increasing rotational speeds for all water circulators tested.
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Power input varied directly with water flow rate for all water circulators tested.
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Efficiency decreased with increased rotational speed and water flow rate for all water circulators tested.
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Initial investment cost and operational cost varied greatly for each water circulator and complete system tested.
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A slow-rotating paddlewheel water circulator system was the least expensive to operate but the most expensive to install.