3.1. Polyphenolic compounds
The total ACY content varied significantly between the two Vaccinium species and amongst cultivars within species
(Table 2A). According to our results the majority of the variation (82%) derived from the genetics, with the species
accounting for 59% of the total variation and the cultivar within the species for a further 23%. The remaining variation
was reported to be a consequence of interactions between species and year and between cultivar and year while the
year effect on its own was non-significant. The total ACY of V. corymbosum fruit was significantly lower than those
of V. virgatum with the mean value of the three years of assessment of 138 and 265 mg/100 g respectively. The ACY
yearly mean values for V. corymbosum were also consistently lower than those of V. virgatum (Table 3).
Seasonal variations were relatively minor for V. corymbosum but V. virgatum fruit all exhibited a high value in
2012, especially ‘Dolce Blue’ and ‘Centurion’. ‘Centurion’ also had the highest mean anthocyanin content over the
three years (356 mg/100 g) (Table 3) and the highest anthocyanin content over all cultivars in 2010 and 2012, but not
in 2011. ‘Dolce Blue’ came a close second for total ACY content and the rest of the V. virgatum fruit were similar
(around 240 mg/100 g). ‘Cosmopolitan’ and ‘Sunset Blue’ fruit had the lowest mean anthocyanin content (around
100 mg/100 g). Although there were some variations in the pattern of anthocyanin content variation from year to year
(Table 3), they were smaller than the general trends for cultivar. The variation between years was not significant and
overall accounted only for 1% of the total variation (Table 2A). Similar results were also reported previously [29].
The cultivars appear to have responded differently to weather variations within each season. The fruit from the
majority ofV. corymbosum cultivars listed in Table 1 were harvested in December and had markedly lower anthocyanin
contents than the late cultivars, which were harvested in January–March. Examination of weather records for the
three growing seasons (not shown) detected no significant differences in either temperature or solar radiation intensity
between December and January–March of any year. There was, however, lower temperature and solar intensity all
through the 2012 season, which had no significant effect on the anthocyanin contents of the fruit for the cultivars
considered in this study (Table 3). If anything, this parameter was slightly higher in 2012 for V. virgatum fruit in
general but markedly so for ‘Dolce Blue’ and ‘Centurion’. It therefore appears that the observed differences are
related to genetic differences between the early ripening V. corymbosum cultivars and the later ripening V. virgatum
3.1. Polyphenolic compoundsThe total ACY content varied significantly between the two Vaccinium species and amongst cultivars within species(Table 2A). According to our results the majority of the variation (82%) derived from the genetics, with the speciesaccounting for 59% of the total variation and the cultivar within the species for a further 23%. The remaining variationwas reported to be a consequence of interactions between species and year and between cultivar and year while theyear effect on its own was non-significant. The total ACY of V. corymbosum fruit was significantly lower than thoseof V. virgatum with the mean value of the three years of assessment of 138 and 265 mg/100 g respectively. The ACYyearly mean values for V. corymbosum were also consistently lower than those of V. virgatum (Table 3).Seasonal variations were relatively minor for V. corymbosum but V. virgatum fruit all exhibited a high value in2012, especially ‘Dolce Blue’ and ‘Centurion’. ‘Centurion’ also had the highest mean anthocyanin content over thethree years (356 mg/100 g) (Table 3) and the highest anthocyanin content over all cultivars in 2010 and 2012, but notin 2011. ‘Dolce Blue’ came a close second for total ACY content and the rest of the V. virgatum fruit were similar(around 240 mg/100 g). ‘Cosmopolitan’ and ‘Sunset Blue’ fruit had the lowest mean anthocyanin content (around100 mg/100 g). Although there were some variations in the pattern of anthocyanin content variation from year to year
(Table 3), they were smaller than the general trends for cultivar. The variation between years was not significant and
overall accounted only for 1% of the total variation (Table 2A). Similar results were also reported previously [29].
The cultivars appear to have responded differently to weather variations within each season. The fruit from the
majority ofV. corymbosum cultivars listed in Table 1 were harvested in December and had markedly lower anthocyanin
contents than the late cultivars, which were harvested in January–March. Examination of weather records for the
three growing seasons (not shown) detected no significant differences in either temperature or solar radiation intensity
between December and January–March of any year. There was, however, lower temperature and solar intensity all
through the 2012 season, which had no significant effect on the anthocyanin contents of the fruit for the cultivars
considered in this study (Table 3). If anything, this parameter was slightly higher in 2012 for V. virgatum fruit in
general but markedly so for ‘Dolce Blue’ and ‘Centurion’. It therefore appears that the observed differences are
related to genetic differences between the early ripening V. corymbosum cultivars and the later ripening V. virgatum
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