The roles of various pathogens such as rana virus, chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), and protistan parasites in amphibian declines have raised concerns about the in -creasing spread of these pathogens as well as the urgent requirement for management strategies to address the spread and control of amphibian diseases (Ouellet et al. 2005, Robert 2010, Lesbarrèreset al. 2012).