is placing the operating point on the load line where a maximum signal swing can be achieved at the output. This optimum operating point is usually at the center of the AC load line. Since the AC analysis and design are explored in the following will, for the time being, practice centering the Q-point on the DC load line. This procedure will be best understood and appreciated by going over the design process of several different bias arrangements, as follows. Let's design and test the DC bias of a common-emitter BJT amplifier for a centered Q- point, with Voc 16 V, and lice 2 mA. We will begin bias.