Atmospheric aerosols were collected onto nuclepore filters using a two-stage filter pack sampler. The pore sizes of the first and second stage filter were 8.0 and 0.4 lm,respect ively, and the filter diameter was 47 mm. This sampler can classify the aerosol particles into the fine (about 1.2 lm). The elemental concentration of the collected particles was directly measured by PIXE analysis. The elemental carbon and organic carbon that are very important to evaluate the warming/ cooling effects of aerosols were also measured
continuously as 1 h averages using an ambient carbon particulate monitor. This instrument performs a thermal CO2 analysis for the determination of the amount of organic and soot carbon in a collected particulate sample. Various radiation
parameters including the extinction coefficient and
the scattering coefficient were simultaneously measured.