2.1. Production and characterization of AgNPs
A 0.25-inch cylindrical silver pellet (99.99% purity; Kurt J.
Lesker Company) in deionized water was used to produce AgNPs
(Deniz et al., 2011; Alkis et al., 2012a, b). Laser ablation was
performed using a commercial nanosecond pulsed ND:YLF laser
(Empower Q-Switched Laser, Spectra Physics) operating at
527 nm, with a pulse duration of 100 ns, average output power
of 16W and pulse repetition rate of 1 kHz (corresponding to a
pulse energy of 16 mJ). The silver block was placed in a glass vessel
containing 20 mL deionized water; the height of the water layer
over the target was approximately 5 mm. The laser beam was focused
on the target using a plano-convex lens with a focal length
of 50 mm. Laser ablation was performed for 5 min by scanning
the laser beam over the target surface, nanoparticle formation
was confirmed visually by the change of the medium color from
colorless to yellow.
The silver block was weighed before and after the ablation process;
the weight difference was used to calculate a final nanoparticle
concentration of 3.3 mg AgNP/25 mL deionized water.
The accuracy of this calculation, as well as the purity of the AgNP sample,
was evaluated by the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
(ICP-MS) analysis of a 40 lg L1 AgNP suspension (see
Section 2.3.1 for ICP-MS analysis conditions). The Ag concentration
in the sample was measured to be 37.570 ± 1.831 lg L1, confirming
the reliability of the weight difference analysis. The stability of
the AgNP suspension was determined by the ICP-MS analysis of the
same 40 lg L1 sample after 19 d.
2.1. Production and characterization of AgNPs
A 0.25-inch cylindrical silver pellet (99.99% purity; Kurt J.
Lesker Company) in deionized water was used to produce AgNPs
(Deniz et al., 2011; Alkis et al., 2012a, b). Laser ablation was
performed using a commercial nanosecond pulsed ND:YLF laser
(Empower Q-Switched Laser, Spectra Physics) operating at
527 nm, with a pulse duration of 100 ns, average output power
of 16W and pulse repetition rate of 1 kHz (corresponding to a
pulse energy of 16 mJ). The silver block was placed in a glass vessel
containing 20 mL deionized water; the height of the water layer
over the target was approximately 5 mm. The laser beam was focused
on the target using a plano-convex lens with a focal length
of 50 mm. Laser ablation was performed for 5 min by scanning
the laser beam over the target surface, nanoparticle formation
was confirmed visually by the change of the medium color from
colorless to yellow.
The silver block was weighed before and after the ablation process;
the weight difference was used to calculate a final nanoparticle
concentration of 3.3 mg AgNP/25 mL deionized water.
The accuracy of this calculation, as well as the purity of the AgNP sample,
was evaluated by the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
(ICP-MS) analysis of a 40 lg L1 AgNP suspension (see
Section 2.3.1 for ICP-MS analysis conditions). The Ag concentration
in the sample was measured to be 37.570 ± 1.831 lg L1, confirming
the reliability of the weight difference analysis. The stability of
the AgNP suspension was determined by the ICP-MS analysis of the
same 40 lg L1 sample after 19 d.
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