The study was limited to female secondary schools, therefore, no male teachers or male
students were involved in this study as data collection procedures in public schools in
Saudi Arabia are only allowed by researchers of the same gender in accordance with
Islamic principles. Moreover, the findings of this study are limited to the study
population from which the sample was taken from with no attempt to conduct the study
in another population in Saudi Arabia. However, the education system in Saudi Arabia
is centralized by one main body which is the Ministry of Education. In other words,
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both girls and boys receive similar instruction in the developed secondary schools.
Consequently, the outcome of the current study could be relevant to some extent to the
national level in Saudi Arabia with respect to the developed schools despite the abovementioned
gender differences with respect to EFL learning, discussed in Section 1.5.4.