Although usually cylindrical, the funiculus can vary in shape, length and curvature or can be completely lacking, in which case the ovules are sessile, as in Dicentra Benth. (Werker, 1997). The anatomy, vasculature and function of the funiculus vary considerably. However, in early ovule and seed development, the funiculus transfers nutrients and water from the mother plant to the developing ovule and seed, and directs the pollen tube to the micropyle (Werker, 1997). The area where the integuments and nucellus fuse with the funiculus is called the chalaza.