Even art has been given biological treatment (Dissanayake 1992).Humans like
regularities, such as rhythm in music, regularity in geometric design, and
prosody in poetry.Much of this tendency is undoubtedly inborn; the human love of rhythm has something to do with heartbeat, breathing, and other rhythmic
bodily functions. However, much of it is certainly learned; Chinese and Europeans
generally do not identify with each other’s music. A simple biological explanation
fails to account for the complex interaction of learning and genetic
programming, although it provides a beginning hypothesis.
Human use of the environment has innate components as well, ranging from
our love of sweets to our ability to calculate—roughly but quickly—the payoffs
of alternate foraging strategies (Smith 1991). But it also has learned components.
Only by studying the ways in which genes influence the cognitive ability of humans
can we find ultimate understanding of human biological ecology (Barkow
et al. 1992). This understanding will not come easily. The considerable differences
among cultures and the total ease with which adopted children can learn
any culture if they are raised into it early enough in life are but two examples that
demonstrate a far greater capacity for learning and plasticity than many currently
allow.
Even art has been given biological treatment (Dissanayake 1992).Humans likeregularities, such as rhythm in music, regularity in geometric design, andprosody in poetry.Much of this tendency is undoubtedly inborn; the human love of rhythm has something to do with heartbeat, breathing, and other rhythmicbodily functions. However, much of it is certainly learned; Chinese and Europeansgenerally do not identify with each other’s music. A simple biological explanationfails to account for the complex interaction of learning and geneticprogramming, although it provides a beginning hypothesis.Human use of the environment has innate components as well, ranging fromour love of sweets to our ability to calculate—roughly but quickly—the payoffsof alternate foraging strategies (Smith 1991). But it also has learned components.Only by studying the ways in which genes influence the cognitive ability of humanscan we find ultimate understanding of human biological ecology (Barkowet al. 1992). This understanding will not come easily. The considerable differencesamong cultures and the total ease with which adopted children can learnany culture if they are raised into it early enough in life are but two examples thatdemonstrate a far greater capacity for learning and plasticity than many currentlyallow.
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