Information technology has increased the potential for managers to use behavior control. For example, GPS tracking devices installed on government- issued vehicles are helping many communities reduce waste and abuse, in part by catching employees shopping, working out at the gym, or otherwise loafing while on the clock. In Denver, 76 vehicles equipped with GPS units were driven 5,000 fewer miles than the unequipped fleet during the same period the year before, indicating the value of this type of quantitative measure.33 Managers in many companies monitor employees’ e-mail and other online activities. Some retailers use cash-register management software that monitors cashiers’ activities in real time.