Anatomic and physiologic changes of pregnancy influence the assessment, management, and prevention of trauma.3,6 Physiologic changes include a 30% to 50% increase in blood volume and a 40% to 50% increase in respiratory rate.7 Anatomic changes include elevated diaphragm, delayed gastric emptying, and progressive uterine growth. During the first trimester, the thick-walled uterus is well protected from trauma by the pelvic girdle. In the second trimester, relatively abundant amniotic fluid volume protects the fetus. By the third trimester, however, the now thin-walled and prominent uterus is exposed to blunt and penetrating abdominal trauma. The placenta is an inelastic organ attached to an elastic organ (the uterus). Placental abruption may occur when trauma involving acceleration and deceleration deforms the uterus and shears the placenta off its implantation site.
Anatomic and physiologic changes of pregnancy influence the assessment, management, and prevention of trauma.3,6 Physiologic changes include a 30% to 50% increase in blood volume and a 40% to 50% increase in respiratory rate.7 Anatomic changes include elevated diaphragm, delayed gastric emptying, and progressive uterine growth. During the first trimester, the thick-walled uterus is well protected from trauma by the pelvic girdle. In the second trimester, relatively abundant amniotic fluid volume protects the fetus. By the third trimester, however, the now thin-walled and prominent uterus is exposed to blunt and penetrating abdominal trauma. The placenta is an inelastic organ attached to an elastic organ (the uterus). Placental abruption may occur when trauma involving acceleration and deceleration deforms the uterus and shears the placenta off its implantation site.
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