Lesson ADT 82
Task: Toilet using a schedule.
Prerequisites: ADT 77
Concept: As muscular control allows, a student may be able to begin a toileting program. This lesson is a fundamental beginning to the process. Through information obtained by the respondent to the original assessment, or by observation, you must determine periods of time where voiding is most likely to occur. Likely times are when first waking or after meals. Using these times as target periods, the student is asked to sit on the toilet. If a voiding experience occurs, social and verbal praise should be provided. The event must be as positive as reasonable. The duration of time where the student is comfortable sitting on the toilet will be variable, depending on the individual, but a 5-minute period is the desired result. Safety is a major issue because falls can occur, with serious consequences.
Behavioral Objective: The student will sit on a toilet, without apparent distress, according to an established schedule for a 5-minute time period to a 90% accuracy level over 20 trials.
Materials: Toilet and necessary materials.
Task Analysis:
1. With the assistance of the primary caregiver, attempt to determine times when voiding is most likely.
2. Develop a schedule for going to the bathroom for these time periods.
3. During one of the identified times on the schedule, physically guide the student to the toilet and assist him or her in sitting on the toilet (see prerequisite). Provide lots of praise and interaction while the student is sitting. If discomfort is noted, stop the training session and note how much time was successfully spent. Attempt to increase time to 5 minutes. If successful voiding does take place, provide a lot of social reinforcement.
4. Increase use of the schedule until all identified periods on the schedule are being done. Reduce prompting to step-by-step verbal requests. Continue positive praise when success occurs.
5. Reduce prompting to a total-task verbal request: "(Name), let's go to the
bathroom."