This randomized study assessed the effectiveness of using a medication diary-book on childhood ALL treatment outcome in a pediatric-oncology center in a resource limited setting. The medication diary-book aimed to remind parents or patients to daily take their medication and to present for scheduled hospital appointments or admissions. Parents were also encouraged to voluntarily write down any additional information in the diary-book, such as reasons for not taking the medication and symptoms. The diary-books may have contributed to the parents' sense of control over their child's health. This in itself may further enhance their compliance with prescribed treatment [2, 13]. Medication diary-books can also facilitate communication between parents/patients and health-care providers.