Fig. 3. Kinetic profiles of substrate concentrations, cell growth and ethanol in the
fermentation of enzymatically hydrolyzed soybean molasses.
From the data presented in Fig. 3, we observed that the amount
of ethanol produced from this fermentation stabilized after 4 h. Also
the concentration of fermentable sugars stabilized after 4 h, while
the cell concentration increased from 108 to 109 cells/mL within 3 h
after initiating fermentation and remained within the same order
of magnitude at the end of fermentation. This small variation in
cell growth is related to the high concentration of cells at the beginning
of fermentation. Note that the fermentation time was very low
compared with the fermentation of sugarcane molasses. This level
may be related to the high concentration of glucose available in SM,
which was 22.0
±
4 g/L prior to hydrolysis and reached 101.0
±
4 g/L
following enzymatic hydrolysis. Thus, the total processing time of
SM using this method would be 14 h, including 10 h of hydrolysis
and 4 h of fermentation.
Having determined the optimal hydrolysis and fermentation
times for SM, an experimental design was conducted to determine
how the fermentation yield of SM, amount of residual sugar and
the ethanol productivity were affected by the amount of enzyme,
and the temperature used during the hydrolysis (Table 6).
The equations of the empirical model adjusted to the ethanol
yield (Y2), concentration of residual sugar (RS) and ethanol productivity
(P) using 250 g/L of soybean molasses as a function of
significant variables are presented in Eqs. (4)–(6), respectively.
The correlation coefficientes (R2) obtained after adjustment were
0.992 for the ethanol yield, 0.995 for the concentration of residual
sugar and 0.992 for the ethanol productivity, indicating that
the proposed empirical equations faithfully reproduces the results
obtained experimentally.
Fig. 3. Kinetic profiles of substrate concentrations, cell growth and ethanol in the
fermentation of enzymatically hydrolyzed soybean molasses.
From the data presented in Fig. 3, we observed that the amount
of ethanol produced from this fermentation stabilized after 4 h. Also
the concentration of fermentable sugars stabilized after 4 h, while
the cell concentration increased from 108 to 109 cells/mL within 3 h
after initiating fermentation and remained within the same order
of magnitude at the end of fermentation. This small variation in
cell growth is related to the high concentration of cells at the beginning
of fermentation. Note that the fermentation time was very low
compared with the fermentation of sugarcane molasses. This level
may be related to the high concentration of glucose available in SM,
which was 22.0
±
4 g/L prior to hydrolysis and reached 101.0
±
4 g/L
following enzymatic hydrolysis. Thus, the total processing time of
SM using this method would be 14 h, including 10 h of hydrolysis
and 4 h of fermentation.
Having determined the optimal hydrolysis and fermentation
times for SM, an experimental design was conducted to determine
how the fermentation yield of SM, amount of residual sugar and
the ethanol productivity were affected by the amount of enzyme,
and the temperature used during the hydrolysis (Table 6).
The equations of the empirical model adjusted to the ethanol
yield (Y2), concentration of residual sugar (RS) and ethanol productivity
(P) using 250 g/L of soybean molasses as a function of
significant variables are presented in Eqs. (4)–(6), respectively.
The correlation coefficientes (R2) obtained after adjustment were
0.992 for the ethanol yield, 0.995 for the concentration of residual
sugar and 0.992 for the ethanol productivity, indicating that
the proposed empirical equations faithfully reproduces the results
obtained experimentally.
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