Ten provinces selected in this study are the primary milkproducing
regions in China, where the production of raw milk
accounted for 75.1% of the total production in China in 2010.
Moreover, these provinces were selected from both southern and
northern regions of China, which represented the two typical climates
of China. Temperature and humidity are lower in the north
than in the south (Table 1). Temperature and humidity had the
most important impacts on mycotoxin formation in the feed.
Moulds can easily grow and produce toxins in relative high temperatures
and humidity environment (Bakirci, 2001; Tajkarimi
et al., 2008). Temperature and humidity influence the amount of
AFB1 in feed, which in turn determines the concentration of AFM1
in milk. The absence of AFB1 in the feed and AFM1 in the milk in
Heilongjiang province and the high incidence of AFB1 in the feed
and AFM1 in the milk from Shandong province might be explained
by the low temperature and humidity levels in Heilongjiang
province compared with the other provinces. The humidity in
Shandong province was the highest among the ten provinces, and
the average temperature was 25 C (Table 1). Thus, it is more
favourable for mould growth and producing toxins, which result in
a high incidence of AFB1 in the feed and a high incidence of AFM1
in the milk. Bakirci (2001) pointed out that mould could produce
toxins under conditions of 25 C and high humidity.
Many countries limit the concentration of AFB1 in dairy cow
feed, but not that of total AFs. It is understandable and logical
Ten provinces selected in this study are the primary milkproducing
regions in China, where the production of raw milk
accounted for 75.1% of the total production in China in 2010.
Moreover, these provinces were selected from both southern and
northern regions of China, which represented the two typical climates
of China. Temperature and humidity are lower in the north
than in the south (Table 1). Temperature and humidity had the
most important impacts on mycotoxin formation in the feed.
Moulds can easily grow and produce toxins in relative high temperatures
and humidity environment (Bakirci, 2001; Tajkarimi
et al., 2008). Temperature and humidity influence the amount of
AFB1 in feed, which in turn determines the concentration of AFM1
in milk. The absence of AFB1 in the feed and AFM1 in the milk in
Heilongjiang province and the high incidence of AFB1 in the feed
and AFM1 in the milk from Shandong province might be explained
by the low temperature and humidity levels in Heilongjiang
province compared with the other provinces. The humidity in
Shandong province was the highest among the ten provinces, and
the average temperature was 25 C (Table 1). Thus, it is more
favourable for mould growth and producing toxins, which result in
a high incidence of AFB1 in the feed and a high incidence of AFM1
in the milk. Bakirci (2001) pointed out that mould could produce
toxins under conditions of 25 C and high humidity.
Many countries limit the concentration of AFB1 in dairy cow
feed, but not that of total AFs. It is understandable and logical
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