For chalkiness area, the maternal effects at the two filling stages of 14 and 21 days after flowering were the main factors affecting it because of the larger VGm. However, this was not the last of 28 days since the endosperm variances (VGe=VA+VD) were larger than VGm. Therefore, it is appropriate to select the single seed with less chalkiness area at the final filling stage because of the difference among seeds. Additive genetic effects were more important than dominance genetic effects for chalkiness area at all filling stages, so selection could be applied for this trait in early generations. As the significant cytoplasmic variances (VC) were about 12.2–18.8% of VG for chalkiness area, the cytoplasmic effects could affect performance of the progeny.