The increasingly more stringent limits imposed in recent years on atmospheric emissions from waste incineration have produced a considerable shift from the gaseous emissions to the solid residues of the process. Thus, solid residues from thermal waste treatment warrant significant environmental concern.
In our article, we specially focus on assessing the environmental impacts resulting from residues from thermal waste treatment, the treatment methods available to mitigate such impacts before and after either utilization or final land disposal as well as the processes and variables affecting the physical and chemical changes occurring for such residues at the utilization or disposal site.