Two New Terms Replace Four Current Terms
Incoterms 2000 contained 13 Rules, which have been reduced to 11 terms in Incoterms 2010. This has been achieved by introducing two new Rules to replace five current Rules. The two new Rules may be used irrespective of the mode of transport selected and under both new Rules, delivery takes place at a named destination. In essence, the "D" (Delivered) terms under the 2000 Rules have been consolidated to reduce the number of terms that were considered to have little real difference between them.
DAT (Delivered at Terminal) replaces DEQ (Delivered ex Quay). DAT may be used irrespective of the mode of transport selected and may also be used where more than one mode of transport is employed. "Delivered at Terminal" means that the seller delivers when the goods, having been unloaded from the arriving means of transport, are placed at the buyer's disposal at a named terminal at the named port or place of destination. DAT requires the seller to clear the goods for export where applicable but the seller has no obligation to clear the goods for import, pay any import duty or carry out any import customs formalities. It was considered that DAT would prove more useful than DEQ in the case of containers that might be unloaded and then loaded into a container stack at the terminal, awaiting shipment. There was previously no term clearly dealing with containers that were not at the buyer's premises.
DAP (Delivered at Place) replaces DAF, DES, DEQ and DDU. The arriving "vehicle" under DAP could be a ship and the named place of destination could be a port. Consequently, the ICC considered that DAP could safely be used instead of DES and that it would make the Rules more "user-friendly" if they abolished terms that were fundamentally the same. Again, a seller under DAP bears all the costs (other than any import clearance costs) and risks involved in bringing the goods to the named destination.