Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize
and compare the morphology of different kinds of modified
electrode. The CPE (not shown) and HAP-CPE (Fig. 1B) are both
characterized with irregularly shaped micrometer-sized flakes of
graphite, there is no conducting media available between carbon
layers. Fig. 1A shows the SEM image of HAP-CILE with more
uniform surface topography and unique structure, so does the
CILE (not shown). With good conductivity and high viscosity, the
ionic liquid is capable of better dispersing the graphite powder
in the paste than the conventional mineral oils. Significant differences
in the surface structure of HAP-CPE and HAP-CILE are
observed, but no considerable difference exists between CILE and
HAP-CILE.