The target population of the survey was technical services librarians and staff currently working in ARL libraries. The authors
identified the target population by browsing the public websites of ARL libraries in May 2012 and found email contact
information of 3389 technical services librarians and staff currently working in the 119 ARL libraries. Due to restricted access to
staff information at some of those websites, the authors could not find any contact information at seven ARL libraries, and could
only find email contact information of part of the technical services librarians and staff at fourteen ARL libraries. In May 2012, the
authors sent email invitations to the 3389 identified potential survey respondents. The email invitation provided a link to the
survey hosted through SurveyMonkey (a free online survey and questionnaire tool). Although the survey allowed multiple responses
per computer, a person could only respond to the survey once. Respondents could return to previous pages in the survey and update
existing responses until the surveywas finished or until they exited the survey. The survey was open from May 1 to July 15, 2012. Among
the 3389 potential survey respondents, 498 (15%) responded to the survey. Among the 498 survey respondents, 358 (72%) answered all
questions. The author used SurveyMonkey to collect responses and perform most of the statistical analysis. All 498 responses were
analyzed. Because not all respondents answered all the questions and some questions allowedmore than one answer, the total number
of responses for each question may be fewer or more than 498. For the population size of 3000–4000, the recommended sample size
(based on 95% confidence level and±5%margin of error) is 341–351 (Sample Size, 2002). The authors are confident that this survey has
an effective sample size. Since the sample size is under 500 and does not justify reporting tenths of one percentage, the authors rounded
the percentages in the tables and appendixes from one decimal point to whole numbers in their survey analysis.