creator go who embodied both genders, produced by masturbation the first pair of male and female deities those of air and moisture. Their progeny, the god and goddess of earth and sky, were the parents of the god osiris and the goddess Isis, central figures in the ancient Egyptian pantheon. The union of Isis and osiris was crucial to the whole Egyptian conception of cosmic harmony and it and other such marriages between divine siblings were reflected on earth by those between kings and their sisters, whether or not they were sexually consummated. Great prom inence was also given to the king's mother in the rituals of court and temple, and in inscriptions she was stated to have been impregnated by the god Amun-Re. Royalty may therefore be said to have passed by matrilineal rather than patrilineal descent though this, like so much else in ancient Egypt, is open to more than one interpretation The complexity of the whole question of royal gender and its status in ancient Egypt is illustrated by the inscription Amosis(reigned 157o-1546 Bc), founder of the eighteenth dynasty and New Kingdom had carved on a stele at Karnak to his mother Ahotep. This describes her as one who cares for Egypt. She has looked after Egypt's soldiers, she has brought back her fugitives, and collected together her deserters, she has pacified Upper Egypt, and expelled her rebels. Though Ahotep's exercise of royal power may have been limited to her son's minority, it probably set a precedent. For Ahmose Nefertari, the principal wife and half-sister of Amosis, was accorded a role in the ritual of Amun-Re at Thebes and given the title of god's wife' with an endowment of land intended to be passed on from mothers to daughters. She was closely involved in the building activities of the king; and after her death she was deified and worshipped, until the end of the New Kingdom, by workmen employed on royal tombs in the Vallcy of the Kings. Her son became Amenophis l who had no male heir and was succeeded by Thutmosis I, the father of Hatshepsut, and the short-lived Thutmosis II. When the latter died in about 1504 Bc his son succeeded as Thutmosis lll but as a chronicler of the time recorded, the god's wife Hatshepsut controlled the affairs of the land' After some seven ycars during which she acted as regent, Hatshepsut assumed the title of king, nominally ruling conjointly with her nephew, but for some 15 years she was the dominant l partner
creator go who embodied both genders, produced by masturbation the first pair of male and female deities those of air and moisture. Their progeny, the god and goddess of earth and sky, were the parents of the god osiris and the goddess Isis, central figures in the ancient Egyptian pantheon. The union of Isis and osiris was crucial to the whole Egyptian conception of cosmic harmony and it and other such marriages between divine siblings were reflected on earth by those between kings and their sisters, whether or not they were sexually consummated. Great prom inence was also given to the king's mother in the rituals of court and temple, and in inscriptions she was stated to have been impregnated by the god Amun-Re. Royalty may therefore be said to have passed by matrilineal rather than patrilineal descent though this, like so much else in ancient Egypt, is open to more than one interpretation The complexity of the whole question of royal gender and its status in ancient Egypt is illustrated by the inscription Amosis(reigned 157o-1546 Bc), founder of the eighteenth dynasty and New Kingdom had carved on a stele at Karnak to his mother Ahotep. This describes her as one who cares for Egypt. She has looked after Egypt's soldiers, she has brought back her fugitives, and collected together her deserters, she has pacified Upper Egypt, and expelled her rebels. Though Ahotep's exercise of royal power may have been limited to her son's minority, it probably set a precedent. For Ahmose Nefertari, the principal wife and half-sister of Amosis, was accorded a role in the ritual of Amun-Re at Thebes and given the title of god's wife' with an endowment of land intended to be passed on from mothers to daughters. She was closely involved in the building activities of the king; and after her death she was deified and worshipped, until the end of the New Kingdom, by workmen employed on royal tombs in the Vallcy of the Kings. Her son became Amenophis l who had no male heir and was succeeded by Thutmosis I, the father of Hatshepsut, and the short-lived Thutmosis II. When the latter died in about 1504 Bc his son succeeded as Thutmosis lll but as a chronicler of the time recorded, the god's wife Hatshepsut controlled the affairs of the land' After some seven ycars during which she acted as regent, Hatshepsut assumed the title of king, nominally ruling conjointly with her nephew, but for some 15 years she was the dominant l partner
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
