The impetus for this neoliberal tide seems to be not so much ideology as a practical desire to operate economies more efficiently. It was heightened especially by the economic success of the United States in the 1990s, which was taken by many states as a model to be imitated. The tide was also encouraged by the International Monetary Fund and U.S. foreign policy, which generally tied economic help in times of crisis to reforms along neoliberal lines.
Neoliberalism also benefited from the growth of “globalization,” in which states can no longer control the flow of ideas or goods across their borders as well as they once could. Since it is increasingly difficult for a state to control its affairs by itself