The threat of oil pollution increases with the expansion of oil exploration and production activities, as
well as the industrial growth around the world. The study on the treatment of oily wastewater is a critical
issue to the environmental protection as oil caused problems to the wastewater treatment facilities.
Although oil particles can efficiently be removed by advanced technologies, the treatments are usually
expensive and difficult to maintain. Adsorption and coalescence filtration are promising choice of treatment
for its simplicity, effectiveness, and feasibility when appropriate sorbent is used. This review discusses
the recent papers on the use of natural fibrous sorbent for removal of oil from wastewater, and
its current development. With their excellent oil removal properties, environmental friendliness, easy
availability, and feasibility, natural fibrous sorbents are an attractive alternative for oily wastewater
treatment.