mechanisms of the neural disarrangements underpinning
ED remain hypothesized.
In addition, it is expected that painful intercourse
resulting from haemorrhoids may have a markedly negative
influence on sexual satisfaction. In the current investigation,
we found younger populations to suffer from a
greater magnitude of association between ED and a diagnosis
of haemorrhoids. While organic impotence is considered
to be less severe among in this younger group, the
pain from haemorrhoids may very well impair their sexual
satisfaction, consequently increasing the incidence of ED.
Another principal theory for the development of ED
involves chronic vascular inflammation and endothelial
dysfunction, which are also speculated to be involved in
the pathology of varicose veins. It is well-known that
haemorrhoidal veins are susceptible to becoming varicosed
or thrombosed. Regarding the pathophysiology of
varicose veins of the legs, venous damage causes vein wall
inflammation, and the remodelling and alteration of
venous tone, thus leading to valvular dysfunction, venous
reflux and varicosity (Lim & Davies, 2009). Guzik et al.
compared superoxide production between varicose and
non-varicose veins, and found significantly increased
superoxide production in varicose veins. These results
demonstrate an increased vascular oxidative stress in
human varicose veins. Based on their findings, oxidative
stress may provide a link between endothelial dysfunction,iled