Even though the origin of RuBisCO can be diverse, the secondary
structure is well conserved among all types. The large subunits have
mainly two domains; the N-terminal and the C-terminal domain, respectively.
The N-terminal domain is shorter than the C-terminal and
composed of 4–5 mixed β-sheets and α-helices (reviewed in [12])
while the C-terminus is formed by eight-stranded parallel α/β barrels.
Each subunit has an active site in the C-terminus of the respective β-
strands. The entrance of the active site is facing out of the enzyme [12]
and [31] and the loops that connect the α/β barrels are involved in catalysis, substrate, and metal ion binding. In addition, residues from the
N-terminus of the contiguous LSU forming the dimer are involved in the
activity of the enzyme [12]. The SSU show more diverse structure than
the LSU. The common secondary structure is composed of a four stranded
antiparallel β-sheet and two helices covering one side of the β-sheet.
The most variable regions in the small subunit are the C-terminus and
the loop that connects the A and B β-strands. Different lengths of the
βA–βB loops have been observed and it consists of 10 residues in
cyanobacteria, prokaryotes and non-green algae, 22 residues in higher
plants and 28 in green algae
Even though the origin of RuBisCO can be diverse, the secondarystructure is well conserved among all types. The large subunits havemainly two domains; the N-terminal and the C-terminal domain, respectively.The N-terminal domain is shorter than the C-terminal andcomposed of 4–5 mixed β-sheets and α-helices (reviewed in [12])while the C-terminus is formed by eight-stranded parallel α/β barrels.Each subunit has an active site in the C-terminus of the respective β-strands. The entrance of the active site is facing out of the enzyme [12]and [31] and the loops that connect the α/β barrels are involved in catalysis, substrate, and metal ion binding. In addition, residues from theN-terminus of the contiguous LSU forming the dimer are involved in theactivity of the enzyme [12]. The SSU show more diverse structure thanthe LSU. The common secondary structure is composed of a four strandedantiparallel β-sheet and two helices covering one side of the β-sheet.The most variable regions in the small subunit are the C-terminus andthe loop that connects the A and B β-strands. Different lengths of theβA–βB loops have been observed and it consists of 10 residues incyanobacteria, prokaryotes and non-green algae, 22 residues in higherplants and 28 in green algae
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