, this range was between 300 nM and 3 nM E. coli bacteria (∼3×107 CFU) displaying the respective Nb on their sur-
face were incubated with a fixed amount of biotinylated Fib (2 pmols) for 90 mins in two-fold increasing volumes of PBS (from 0.01 to 2 ml) to reach the respective final concentration ranges (as mentioned above).