Summary
Highlights
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Chitin, marigold and anearobic soil disinfestation were better than chemical control.
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Grass–clover, biofumigation, Cultivit and compost were not effective alternatives yet.
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All treatments caused yield increases as a consequence of changes in the soil biota.
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No negative side effects on soil suppressiveness or non-target soil organisms.
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These treatments could be implemented in arable crop rotations worldwide.