This study had the objective of determining the effects of the addition of different ingredients and grape
by-products (GP) to muffins on CML content. It was found that ingredients, such as salt, baking powder
and protein-rich components, reduced CML from 50% to 86%. The use of all ingredients simultaneously
caused the highest reduction in CML, suggesting synergistic effects in the muffin formula. Raw cane sugar
produced higher amounts of CML than refined sucrose, probably due to metal-ion mediated degradation
of fructoselysine. The CML content was correlated with the level of oleic acid at 0.829 and with the level
of linoleic acid at 0.913. Muffins enriched with appropriate levels of GP (20%) showed a lowering of the
CML level and no significant changes in the sensory profile. GP added to the model system with proteinrich
ingredients resulted in the weakest inhibitory effects, probably due to the polyphenol–protein binding
mechanism.
This study had the objective of determining the effects of the addition of different ingredients and grape
by-products (GP) to muffins on CML content. It was found that ingredients, such as salt, baking powder
and protein-rich components, reduced CML from 50% to 86%. The use of all ingredients simultaneously
caused the highest reduction in CML, suggesting synergistic effects in the muffin formula. Raw cane sugar
produced higher amounts of CML than refined sucrose, probably due to metal-ion mediated degradation
of fructoselysine. The CML content was correlated with the level of oleic acid at 0.829 and with the level
of linoleic acid at 0.913. Muffins enriched with appropriate levels of GP (20%) showed a lowering of the
CML level and no significant changes in the sensory profile. GP added to the model system with proteinrich
ingredients resulted in the weakest inhibitory effects, probably due to the polyphenol–protein binding
mechanism.
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
