2.3. The impact assessment
In LCA, besides the direct emissions and resource use, energy
use and emissions incurred during extraction of raw materials,
their transport and processing (i.e. indirect emissions and resource
use) are included in the comparison of scenarios. For the quantification
of such indirect resource use and emissions, the BUWAL 250 (BUWAL, 1996), ETH-ESU (Frischknecht and Jungbluth, 2004) and
IDEMAT (TUDelft, 2001) databases were used as implemented in
SimaPro 6 (PRe´ Consultants, 2001).