According to organizational literature, the development of these two levels may be based on three behavioral-related dimensions developed in the WIL context: proficiency adaptivity and proactivity According to Griffin and colleagues (2007) proficiency refers to individuals’ fulfillment of the prescribed or predictable requirement of the role; adaptivity refers to individuals’ ability to cope with, respond to, and support change; and proactivity refers to the initiation of change, selfstarting and future-directed behavior. Research has demonstrated that individuals in WIL may be able to behave proficiently and efficiently to adapt in an always-changing environment and to behave proactively .