To develop appropriate recycling industries, EID practices should be based not only on technologies but
also on user practices, regulations, infrastructure, and social norms especially policy. The Ministry of
Environment, Japan (MOEJ) has attempted to promote the effectiveness of recycling activities in Eco-
Towns and improve recycling activity by implementing policies. The aim of this study is to evaluate
how to make EID initiatives more effective through the implementation of recycling activities. In
particular, we analyzed comparatively the performance improvement effect of implementing recycling
boundaries and local and national policies on recycling industries located from 2007 to 2012 in
Eco-Towns after the cessation of the Eco-Town program. The SMC blocks policy and the advanced Eco-
Town program have played important roles in supporting recycling business after the program. Main
results were three points as the analysis on these policies. First, changes in the operating rates varied by
the waste type. Second, operating performance had improved slightly in the targeted period. Third, the
relationship between the recycling boundary and operational performance is a crucial point, and
especially importance of supply side policy, which means recycled product purchase support. The idea of
waste supply chain management should be applied to recycling policy and Japanese empirical analysis
would be useful for provision of general framework. Maintaining this type of temporal monitoring would
be useful to better understand the mechanisms of recycling activities.
To develop appropriate recycling industries, EID practices should be based not only on technologies butalso on user practices, regulations, infrastructure, and social norms especially policy. The Ministry ofEnvironment, Japan (MOEJ) has attempted to promote the effectiveness of recycling activities in Eco-Towns and improve recycling activity by implementing policies. The aim of this study is to evaluatehow to make EID initiatives more effective through the implementation of recycling activities. Inparticular, we analyzed comparatively the performance improvement effect of implementing recyclingboundaries and local and national policies on recycling industries located from 2007 to 2012 inEco-Towns after the cessation of the Eco-Town program. The SMC blocks policy and the advanced Eco-Town program have played important roles in supporting recycling business after the program. Mainresults were three points as the analysis on these policies. First, changes in the operating rates varied bythe waste type. Second, operating performance had improved slightly in the targeted period. Third, therelationship between the recycling boundary and operational performance is a crucial point, andespecially importance of supply side policy, which means recycled product purchase support. The idea ofwaste supply chain management should be applied to recycling policy and Japanese empirical analysiswould be useful for provision of general framework. Maintaining this type of temporal monitoring wouldbe useful to better understand the mechanisms of recycling activities.
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