(ii) Operating lease – as lessee
L eases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the leased assets
are classified as operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense in the profit and loss
account on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The aggregate benefit of incentives provided by the lessor is
recognised as a reduction of rental expense over the lease term on a straight-line basis.
G ains or losses arising from sale and operating leaseback of aircraft are determined based on fair values. Excess
of sales proceeds over fair values are taken to the statement of financial position as deferred gain on sale and
leaseback transactions, included under deferred account and amortised over the minimum lease terms. If the
sales proceeds are below fair values, the loss is recognised in the profit and loss account except that, if the loss is
compensated for by future lease payments at below market values, the deferred loss is included under deferred
account and is amortised over the minimum lease period.
M ajor improvements and modifications to leased aircraft due to operational requirements are capitalised and
depreciated over the remaining lease term period or the average expected life between major overhauls (estimated
to be 4 to 10 years).