The most destructive insect pests of the rice crop are Yellow Stem Borer (YSB; Scirpophaga incertulas Walk.)
and Rice Leaf Folder (RLF; Cnaphalocrocus medinalis). Globally, YSB alone causes yield losses of 10 million tons and accounts for 50% of all insecticides used in rice field (Huesing and English, 2004).