This modeling system was applied for the 2012 and 2020
emission scenarios, considering for both cases the meteorological
year of 2012 (same WRF model simulation). The use of present
meteorology for 2020 simulations introduces additional
uncertainties in the simulation results as it projected that surface
temperature will rise over the 21st century under all assessed
emission scenarios, being likely that heat waves will occur more
often and last longer (IPCC, 2014). Simulations for 2020 climate are
not readily available, as researchers focus their attention in
medium and long–term simulations. A recent study produced a set
of high resolution climate simulations for the Portuguese
mainland, for three 20–year periods (historic (1986–2005), mid–
term (2046–2065), and long–term (2081–2100)) which indicated an
increase in the P90 temperature between the mid–term and the
historic simulation in the order of 3 to 4 °C over central and
northern Portugal (Marta–Almeida et al., 2014). These results
indicate that ozone concentrations may be exacerbated under
future climate.