From the standard International Convention which regulates the safety of the ship, to reach the goal
it was concluded that the safety of persons at sea required improvements 5 (five) sub group/system
requirements are:
1. Main human resources (requirements).
2. The ship as a means (requirements and equipment).
3. Operation (operation of the Management Board).
4. External factors (infrastructure).
5. Management, which is a process of coordination with respect to the four other sub system.
At this moment , many have approach done to fathom accident . First approach from sub systems
requirements and supplies , the operation of management and work environment (infrastructure).
Approach to search for nonconformity pra-condition namely unsafe condition. According to this
approach , for the occurrence of an accident / the incident was misstated in equipment , materials
and environment physically that is implied in the condition of unsafe. Therefore, prevention
accident also directed at improvement thirdly sub these systems. From the results of the
investigation, it turns out that the human factor in the cause of the accident was fault so
dominant. According to statistical data from year to year that 80% - 85% of accidents are
caused by human error, so that there is an opinion, that was directly or indirectly, all is
because the human factor. But directly of the accident can be grouped into two outlines
causes, namely: a. unsafe Actions of humans (Unsafe Acts) for example:-Work without
any authorize-failed to give a warning — working with the wrong speed and so on. b. A
State of insecurity (Unsafe Condition) for example: the safety equipment on board which
are damaged or are not usable – environmental and weather on the waters is not good - for
malicious items that can ship exploding/burning/easy.