be regarded as the least expected among Swedish dairy
farms and indicates a potential to decrease the CF for
Swedish milk, both at the national level and on individual
farms with high CF values. Milk yield and feed intake are two
of the most influential parameters in CF estimates, indicating
that ‘FCE’ (units ECM produced/unit DMI) can be used as a
rough key performance indicator of measures to reduce milk
CF on farm level. As there is a risk of large uncertainties in
feed intake data, especially in the intake of roughage from
grazing and silage, accurate feed data are important for CF
calculations on milk.