One must learn to lead oneself well before leading others (Manz
& Sims, 2001). According to Manz and Sims, this self-reflection process moves selfleaders
"to take a penetrating look in the mirror, which helps free them to empower
others while moving themselves toward becoming highly effective leaders" (p. 3). Manz
and Sims found that the best measure of leadership success was not how much the leaders
"personally excel and receive acclaim. Instead, the effectiveness of leadership can be
measured by the success of others" (p. 3).