Zhao and Yin (2009) presented a method for identification of geomechanical parameters using a combination of a support vector machine, PSO, and numerical analysis techniques. Sadoghi Yazdi et al. (2012) used a neuro-fuzzy model in conjunction with particle swarm optimization (PSO) for calibration of soil param- eters used within a linear elastic-hardening plastic constitutive
model with the Drucker–Prager yield criterion. It is shown that the model parameters can be determined with relatively high accuracy in spite of the limited insight gained by a single set of data.
In this study, the effect of different tillage systems on soil mechanical resistance and nutrient uptake by grain were consid- ered. Furthermore, this paper focuses on two very similar evolutionary algorithms: genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) for estimation of soil mechanical resistance parameter. The results also were compared with multiple regression (MR) as a common approach.