Water authorites coupled the tough new measures (which include ways for the public to turn in water-wasters ) with softer approaches such as big subsidies for installing and efficient shower -heads and cash-back rebates on water-efficient washing machines rainwater tanks. The plan is to secure Sydney water supply by 2015 by combining demand management with a desalination plant and water recycle schemes. In a drought-stricken Australia, reducing the water demand is not enough state government are also looking to desalination to shore up dwindling supplies. Perth's desalination plant- the largest outside the Middle East uses reverse osmosis to extract salt from seawater. Melbourne, Brisbane and Adelaide all have similar plants built ,under construction or on the drawing board