7. Research Design
The study conducted was a quasi-experimental nonrandomised control group, pre-test-post-test design.
According to Ary et al (2002), quasi-experimental designs do not include randomisation and are used where true
experimental research is not feasible. The quasi-experimental design was used for this particular study because
in a typical school situation it is very difficult to reorganise classes to accommodate a randomised controlled trail.
It was, therefore, necessary to use intact classes. A coin was tossed and the head was assigned to the control
group and tail to the experimental group.
The cross-sectional presentation of the research design, which is nonrandomised control group, pre-testpost-
test, is as follows.