The scales for knowledge management and creativity management were adapted from
previous studies by Prajogo et al (2004), Tang (1999), Darroch and McNaughton (2002), and
Amabile (1996). The content for knowledge management (KM) scale comprises four key
practices that were developed based on systematically managing knowledge: facilitating
knowledge-related activities such as creation or assimilation of knowledge, transferring
knowledge across the organization, maintaining the KM infrastructure, and leveraging
knowledge assets to realize their value. The measurement items for creativity and idea
generation were focused on key activities which build environments which provide resource
and opportunities (time) to generate ideas, working in team (groups) with people with
different skills, taking up non-routine and challenging work, and providing
reward/recognition for creative ideas.